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Dr.
Scot Hulbert
.jpg) 509-335-3722
scot_hulbert@wsu.edu
Professor
and Cook Endowed Chair for Cropping Systems Pathology, Department of Plant Pathology. Ph.D. 1987, University
of California, Davis.
Research
Plants have a variety of mechanisms they use to defend themselves against pathogens and pests. These defenses can sometimes be manipulated genetically to develop resistant crop varieties, an economical and environmentally friendly way to control disease. Pathogenic organisms are constantly evolving, however, and typically become virulent on these resistant varieties. An understanding of how resistance and virulence evolves in natural and managed populations helps us determine which types of resistances will remain effective for a useful period.
Bacteria and fungi secrete proteins to help them utilize their substrates and some plant pathogens secrete these directly into plant cells. The roles of most of these effector proteins are to overcome plant defenses. These are also detected by plant resistance gene products that have roles in pathogen recognition. One of our research programs is using a genomics approach to identify and characterize effector proteins from the stripe rust fungus, an important pathogen that affects wheat worldwide. Characterization of these effector proteins is a key to understanding the basic mechanisms of pathogenicity in these biotrophic fungi. We hope this will indicate why some cereals, like rice, are not attacked by rust fungi while most other cereals are. Ultimately, we would like to utilize the defense mechanisms of rice in cereals like wheat.
Some cultivated species (e.g. wheat) have little variation in their resistance to certain important pathogens, so sources of genetic resistance are not available. We therefore try to find resistance in related species and try to transfer this resistance to the cultivated types. Another approach we are trying, for soil borne pathogens, is to identify genotypes or cultural conditions that favor microbes that are able to suppress the pathogenic microbes. We are using high throughput DNA pyrosequencing approaches to characterize microbial populations in soil and to identify the microbes that are most important.
Selected
Publications
Chen, M-S., Zhao, H.-X., Zhu, Y.C., Scheffler, B., Liu, X., Liu, X., Hulbert, S., and Stuart J. J. 2008. Analysis of Transcripts and Proteins Expressed in the Salivary Glands of Hessian Fly (Mayetiola destructor) Larvae. Journal of Insect Physiology 54 (2008) 1–16
Hulbert, S.H., Bai, J., Fellers, J.P., Pacheco, M.G. and Bowden, R.L. 2007. Gene Expression Patterns in Near Isogenic Lines for Wheat Rust Resistance Gene Lr34/Yr18. Phytopathology 97:1083-1093
Travers, S. E., Smith, M.D., Bai, J., Hulbert, S.H., Leach, J. E., Schnable, P. S., Knapp, A. K., Milliken, G. A., Fay, P. A., Saleh, A., and Garrett K. A. 2007. Ecological genomics: making the leap from model systems in the lab to native populations in the field. Front Ecol Environ 5(1): 19–24
Chen, M.-S., Fellers, J.P., Zhu, Y.-C., Stuart, J. L., Hulbert, S. H., El-Bouhssini, M. and Liu, X. 2006. A super-family of genes coding for secreted salivary gland proteins from the Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor J. Insect Sci. 2006. 6:12
Mateos-Hernandez, M., Singh, R. P., Bowden, R.L., Hulbert, S. H., Gill, B. S. and Brown-Guedira, G. 2006. Targeted mapping of ESTs linked to the adult plant resistance gene Lr46 in wheat using synteny with rice. Funct. Integr. Genomics. 6:122-31.
Zhao, B., Lin, X., Poland, J., Trick, H., Leach, J., Hulbert, S.H. 2005. A Maize Resistance Gene Functions against Bacterial Streak Disease in Rice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102:15383-15388.
Smith, S., Hulbert, S.H. 2005. Recombination events generating a novel Rp1 race specificity. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 18(3):220-8.
Monosi, B., Wisser R. J., Pennill, L. and S.H. Hulbert. 2004. Full-Genome analysis of resistance gene homologs in rice. Theor Appl Genet. 109(7):1434-47.
Ayliffe M. A., Steinau M., Park R. F., Rooke L., Pacheco M. G., Hulbert, S. H., Trick H.N., Pryor, A.J. 2004. Aberrant mRNA processing of the maize Rp1-D rust resistance gene in wheat and barley. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 17(8):853-64
Zhao, B., Ardales, E.Y., Brasset, E., Claflin, L.E., Leach, J.E., Hulbert, S.H. 2004. The Rxo1/Rba1 locus of maize controls resistance reactions to pathogenic and nonhost bacteria. Theor. Appl. Genet. 109:71-79
Zhao, B., Ardales, E. Y., Raymundo, A., Trick, H., and Leach,J. E., Hulbert, S.H. 2004. The avrRxo1 gene from the rice pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola confers a nonhost defense reaction on maize with resistance gene Rxo1. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact 17:771-779
Smith, S., Pryor, A., Hulbert, S.H. 2004. Allelic and Haplotypic diversity at the Rp1 rust resistance locus of maize. Genetics 167(4):1939-47.
Bai, J., Pennill, L.A., Ning, J., Lee, S.W., Ramalingam, J., Webb C.A., Zhao, B., Sun, Q., Nelson, J.C., Leach J.E. and Hulbert S.H. 2002. Diversity in Nucleotide Binding Site-Leucine-Rich Repeat Genes in Cereals. Genome Research 12:1871-1884
Webb, C.A., Richter, T.E., Collins, N.C., Nicolas, M., Trick, H.N., Pryor, T., Hulbert, S.H. 2002. Genetic and molecular characterization of the maize rp3 rust resistance locus. Genetics 162:381-394.
Sun, Q., Collins, N., Ayliffe, M., Smith, S., Drake, J., Pryor, T., Hulbert, S. 2001. Recombination between paralogues at the rp1 rust resistance locus in maize. Genetics 158: 423-438. |
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